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Willard walleye & crappie harvest update
#1
[#0000FF]Sent a request to Chris Penne of DWR to provide an update on their Willard walleye spawning efforts and their progress on taking crappies for Red Fleet. This is his response for those who have an interest:
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Things are going very well. These estimates are a few days old and will be subject to change, but as last Friday (3/25) we have taken about 10 million eggs from about 148 fish. Most of the eggs have been pressure treated to produce batches of sterile fish. Nearly 1 million of those eggs are fertile and will be for Willard.

Some things to note with these numbers: 1) there will obviously be some mortality with these eggs, particularly the pressure treated eggs, so the number of fry produced will be lower than the number of eggs. How much lower, I can't say for sure. 2) Its likely that not all the sterile fry produced will be used in Utah. Red Fleet needs 100% sterile walleye fry because of its connection to the Colorado River and the endangered fishes found there, but not all batches produced will be 100% sterile. Learning from other states like Colorado, it's fairly common for the pressure treatment to produce 98% and 99% sterile batches of walleye fry. Getting 100% sterile batches of fish is certainly doable, but we anticipate having several batches that won't meet that 100% requirement. Where these "extra" fish will go, I'm not sure, but right now it looks like some of our administrators are looking at sending them to another state as like Idaho as they apparently have expressed interested in these mostly sterile fish. As I may have mentioned before, most of the states trade fish or help each other out. Trades and assistance are how we got our walleye to stock in Willard the past few years, as Colorado had extra fish they provided us, so trading or providing fish to Idaho would be a good thing as it gives us some credit with them.

We've already met our target of collecting 8 million eggs, so we may wrap our spawning soon. We'll be having a meeting about that this topic in the coming week and will make our decision based on egg survival, how many 100% sterile batches of fish are produced, and whether or not we want more experience producing the fry this year.

The crappie transfer will take place in a few weeks. This might be a good moment too for me to pass on that I encourage anglers to get out and take advantage of the crappie fishing this year as it may be the last really good one for a few more years. As I’ve heard you mention before, panfish like crappie are influenced less by anglers (harvest) and more by environmental conditions like water levels, temp, etc. This is quite true and to illustrate this, the great fishing the past few years appears to be the result of good year classes produced when the water was up in 2011 and 2012. On that same note, those year classes produced during the drought years aren't present in nearly the numbers as those strong year classes from the good water years. Our netting shows there are still plenty of crappie to keep the population going, but I don't think we'll see another population boom until the water levels come up and all that new brush that's been developing along the shoreline gets submerged.

I'm sure I may start taking heat from anglers for moving fish when I'm predicting their population is going to go down, but this is all relative and there are plenty of crappie in Willard, whose population will fluctuate with water levels regardless of what harvest is or how many fish we transfer. The last creel survey we conducted at Willard in 2010 estimated annual crappie harvest in the thousands, while what we are moving will be in the hundreds, so we're only moving a fraction of the annual harvest. Further, as you suggested, we don’t have any work scheduled on Pineview this year, this is the most efficient use of our time.

Yep, last Monday we had decided to pause our netting efforts due to the predicted winds on Monday and Tuesday. Those winds didn’t really pan out on Monday, but we were glad we didn’t have to work nets on Tuesday when the storm hit.

Sorry for the novel. Guess there’s a lot of if's and buts to this work that I figured they needed some explanation.

Chris
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#2
Thanks for the update, Pat and Chris.
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#3
Appreciate the update. I would enjoy hearing how they know, with certainty, whether or not a walleye they produce is sterile or not.
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#4
[#0000FF]Good question. I had assumed they run the eggs over a light table and there are differences in the appearance.

I will forward that question to Chris.
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#5
Thanks for the update Tude Dude. All sounds good.

Went to willard yesterday, water has not come up much yet. IMO

Just now about 6"-12" deep at the bottom of the rock dike to the left of the South Marina entrance when exiting in a boat. So I guess N.E. side of Marina entrance.

I am sure it is much deeper along parts of the rock dike along the West side of the lake.

The dike itself has been raised about 30-36". I found that the top of the stairs leading to the top of the dike was marked off with caution tape and that it looks like cement work is planned to bring the stairs to the top of the dike. There was at least 30-36" of soils above the previous top of the stairs.
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#6
[quote kentofnsl]Appreciate the update. I would enjoy hearing how they know, with certainty, whether or not a walleye they produce is sterile or not.[/quote]

[#0000FF]Here is the answer from DWR. Sounds like it is a little more precise than a quick visual inspection.

[/#0000FF]Good question. Regarding the sterility, we have to wait until the fry hatch and then they are sent off to a laboratory for testing. Because we won't have fry hatching until perhaps the first week of April, we will be waiting a little while to know the results of the pressure treatment.

Chris
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#7
[#0000FF]Thanks. I'm sure a lot of us are waiting "with bait on our breath"...or whatever...to see the water levels come up and any new improvements in the services.

Have you gotten any fishing done yet?
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#8
[quote TubeDude][#0000ff]

[/#0000ff]Good question. Regarding the sterility, we have to wait until the fry hatch and then they are sent off to a laboratory for testing. Because we won't have fry hatching until perhaps the first week of April, we will be waiting a little while to know the results of the pressure treatment.

Chris

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That may be an answer, but being of curious persuasion, I would appreciate more information. What does the laboratory look at or do to determine whether or not the walleye are sterile?
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#9
I did try off the N.W. dike for a few minutes. Floated a baited crappie/catfish rig around some partiallyl submerged weeds. Water was likely only 18" - 2'.

Went into the main boat channel, rigged a full night crawler on a floating jig head complete with a slip sinker. Idea was to get the bait about 18" off the bottom. No bites on that.

Other pole was rigged with a large carp minnow on a slip sinker rig and also in the main channel. Fished about 2 hours. No bites. Left and went to join family with Easter festivities.

Was a good, short trip. No fish caught however. Thought of taking pictures but haven't taken the time to learn to post them yet.
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#10
They look in their genes. Or chromosomes actually. Diploids are fertile. Triploids are sterile.



[red]⫸[/red][orange]<{[/orange][yellow]{{[/yellow][green]{{[/green][size 4][blue]⦇[/blue][/size][blue]°[/blue][#8000FF]>[/#8000FF]
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#11
[quote Fishrmn]

They look in their genes. Or chromosomes actually. Diploids are fertile. Triploids are sterile.

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That I already understood, but do they take samples from 100% of the fish and put them under a microscope or what is the process to determine that 100% of them are sterile?
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#12
Good report as usual Pat. Thanks for keeping an eye on various waters.
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#13
[#0000FF]With all of the ups and downs...barometer and water temps...most fish are still oriented to deeper water. They are also less active and not feeding as much. Sorry you did not do well, but not surprised.

The two trips I have made to Willard have been modest to say the least. I also found little or nothing in the channels or in shallower waters. I also fished with both on-the-bottom and above-the-bottom rigs. Only caught a few catfish by dragging minnows right on the bottom. I'm guessing that by mid April we will have water temps getting up beyond the mid 50 degree range and some more fishy activity. Hope so.

About the pictures. Here is a link to a section I put together in the help desk.
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[url "http://www.bigfishtackle.com/cgi-bin/gforum/gforum.cgi?post=409887;forum_view=forum_view_collapsed;page=unread#unread"][size 4][#ff0000]PICTURES[/#ff0000][/size][/url]
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#14
[quote kentofnsl]Appreciate the update. I would enjoy hearing how they know, with certainty, whether or not a walleye they produce is sterile or not.[/quote]

[#0000FF]I forwarded your question to Chris and am still awaiting a reply.

In the meantime, you may enjoy reading [url "http://www.fishexplorer.com/co/news.asp?action=det&nid=152"]THIS LINK[/url] on the walleye sterilization program in Colorado. That state has been a leader in walleye sterilization and Utah has been working with them to help develop our own program. The article gives more details on the actual process, but not the verification of effectiveness.
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#15
Interesting read, thanks for posting. So basically they turn them into industrial diamonds.[Wink]
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#16
[#0000FF]Toothy diamonds.

Here is the most recent response back from Chris. Also adding a [url "https://cpw.state.co.us/Documents/Research/Aquatic/pdf/Publications/2015_OptimizingTriploidWalleyeProduction.pdf"]LINK HERE[/url] to a more detailed scientific writeup from Colorado and [url "http://billingsgazette.com/lifestyles/recreation/montana-outdoors-successes-in-triploid-walleye-program/article_ab661baa-7c99-11de-acad-001cc4c03286.html"]ANOTHER LINK[/url] to a similar program in Montana.
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No problem. Guess I didn't realize there would be that much interest in the testing process. Basically, most organisms have two sets of chromosomes. The fertile fish have two sets (diploid) and the treatment process we use induces triploidy, or three sets of chromosomes. This extra set of chromosomes is what makes the fish sterile. Studies have conducted on the performance of diploid versus triploid fish and performance is comparable among the two. There has been some documented decreases in survival with the triploidy, but in other cases the triploid fish have outperformed diploid fish when it comes to growth. I could go on and on about the pros and cons of the two and the process of making triploid, but I would suggest those interested can just Google it if they want more information on that topic.

Anyway, there are a few ways to test the sterility of the fish. One of those is a blood test looking at DNA and red blood cells, but our fry are too small to extract much blood and we need a quick turnaround time so that method won't work. The other method is to quantify and compare the amount of DNA among a batch of control fish that are fertile and then the sterile batches (triploid) that we are submitting for testing. I believe they grind or mash up the fry in each bash and then use a stain to identify and quantify the amount of DNA in each batch. The general comparison then hinges on the fact that the sterile fish should have three sets of chromosomes, so they should have about 50% more DNA than the fertile fish that have two sets of chromosomes. How the lab is able to distinguish 98% sterile from 100% sterile, I'm not sure, but I'm assuming it goes back to the quantification and comparison of the amount of DNA present in the batch.

Chris

[#0000FF]Hope this helps put your inquiring mind to rest.[/#0000FF]
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#17
Thank you Pat and thank you Chris.
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#18
I contacted our researcher in Logan who has been overseeing the walleye spawning and triploidy process for the answer to this question. Chris' comments were correct, but just in case you are interested in further detail, here they are.

For the sampling, we send about 200 fish to a professor at Virginia Commonwealth University. She places the fish one by one in a saline solution. She then crushes the fish to release some cells. The cells are stained with a special stain that binds to DNA. The cells are passed through a flow cytometer, which is a machine that measures the fluorescence from the DNA stain. The same process is done on diploid fish. The cells from the triploid fish have 150% the fluorescence as the diploid fish and the level of fluorescence is used to determine the percentage of fish that are triploid.

Paul Birdsey
Coldwater Sportfish Coordinator
Utah Division of Wildlife Resources
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#19
Thanks I appreciate the additional information.
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#20
[#0000FF]Thanks for chiming in Paul. As you can see, we have a few members who have "inquiring minds". We appreciate the efforts of the Division in trying to keep the angling public aware of what is going on.
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